Epiretinal Membrane
Surgical removal of scar tissue affecting the macula to improve vision quality.
What is an Epiretinal Membrane?
An epiretinal membrane (ERM), also known as a macular pucker, is a thin, cellophane-like layer of scar tissue that forms over the surface of the macula. The macula is the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. When this membrane contracts and wrinkles, it can cause the macula to become distorted, leading to blurred and distorted central vision.
Common Symptoms
The most common cause of an ERM is a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), a natural aging process where the eye's vitreous gel pulls away from the retina. Sometimes, this process can stimulate a healing response that results in the formation of scar tissue. Other risk factors include a history of retinal tears or detachment, inflammatory eye conditions (uveitis), eye trauma, or issues with retinal blood vessels.
The symptoms of an epiretinal membrane can range from very mild to severe. Many people notice a slight blurring or distortion in their central vision, where straight lines may appear wavy. In more advanced cases, patients may experience significant loss of visual acuity, making it difficult to read fine print or see details clearly. The condition typically progresses slowly and does not affect peripheral (side) vision.
Causes and Risk Factors
Our Approach to Treatment
Treatment for an epiretinal membrane is typically recommended only when the symptoms significantly interfere with a patient's daily activities. The procedure to correct it is a type of microsurgery called a vitrectomy with membrane peel. During this surgery, the vitreous gel is removed, and then the surgeon uses delicate instruments to carefully peel and remove the scar tissue from the surface of the macula. This allows the macula to flatten and return to its normal shape, often resulting in improved vision and reduced distortion over time.